Microorganisms and Disease
Prontosil is

an effective antibacterial both in animals as well as in in-vitro cultures
an effective antibacterial when used in in-vitro cultures
not used as an antibacterial agent
an effective antibacterial when used in animals

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Microorganisms and Disease
The "A" subunit of diphtheria toxin

cause ADP ribosylation of a factor involved in protein synthesis
lysis macrophages with the release of cytokines
binds host cell receptors found on heart cells
forms cAMP that leads to fluid accumulation

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Microorganisms and Disease
Type III secretion systems are used to inject "effector" proteins directly into a host cell. Salmonella uses a type III secretion system to help the pathogen to

survive the acid pH of the stomach
survive within macrophages
secrete LT (heat labile toxin) and ST (heat stable toxin) into the lumen of the intestine
activate T cells to proliferate and secrete cytokines

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