Microorganisms and Disease
The "A" subunit of diphtheria toxin

cause ADP ribosylation of a factor involved in protein synthesis
binds host cell receptors found on heart cells
lysis macrophages with the release of cytokines
forms cAMP that leads to fluid accumulation

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Microorganisms and Disease
Which of the following is common in the disease caused by Coryne-bacterium diphtheriae and Bacillus anthracis?

Diphtheria toxin and edema toxin are ADP ribosylating toxins
Both organisms are gram-positive spore formers
Both organisms cause skin and respiratory tract infections
The most serious disease symptoms are the direct result of toxin action

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Microorganisms and Disease
Cholera toxin is an A-B type toxin in which the B portions bind to a receptor on a host cell and the A portion enters the cell to cause

cleavage of rRNA that results in disruption of ribosome function
ADP ribosylation of a G protein that locks it into an active form that stimulates adenylate cyclase to make cAMP
ADP ribosylation of adenylate cyclase that stops production of cAMP
ADP ribosylation of guanylate cyclase that stimulates production of cGMP

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Microorganisms and Disease
Which of the following characteristic of the Rotavirus was important for the construction of the Rotashield vaccine?

The ability of the Rotavirus to be transmitted faster
The possession of a segmented RNA genome
A limited number of capsule types
The ability of monkey Rotavirus strains to cause serious illness (diarrhea) in human beings

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