Microorganisms and Disease
Plastic implants can pose a serious nosocomial infection problem because

phagocytes have trouble engulfing bacteria embedded in a biofilm
infected implants usually have to be surgically removed
All of these
phagocytes have trouble moving on the plastic surface

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Microorganisms and Disease
What is common in catheters and ventilators?

Bacteria responsible for associated infections are usually susceptible to antibiotics
They are used primarily in neonatal intensive care units
They predispose patients to viral rather than bacterial infections
They bypass important defenses of the body

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Microorganisms and Disease
The "A" subunit of diphtheria toxin

cause ADP ribosylation of a factor involved in protein synthesis
lysis macrophages with the release of cytokines
forms cAMP that leads to fluid accumulation
binds host cell receptors found on heart cells

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