Microorganisms and Disease
Plastic implants can pose a serious nosocomial infection problem because

All of these
infected implants usually have to be surgically removed
phagocytes have trouble moving on the plastic surface
phagocytes have trouble engulfing bacteria embedded in a biofilm

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP

Microorganisms and Disease
Type III secretion systems are used to inject "effector" proteins directly into a host cell. Salmonella uses a type III secretion system to help the pathogen to

survive within macrophages
survive the acid pH of the stomach
activate T cells to proliferate and secrete cytokines
secrete LT (heat labile toxin) and ST (heat stable toxin) into the lumen of the intestine

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP

Microorganisms and Disease
Which of the following is common in the disease caused by Coryne-bacterium diphtheriae and Bacillus anthracis?

Both organisms cause skin and respiratory tract infections
Diphtheria toxin and edema toxin are ADP ribosylating toxins
The most serious disease symptoms are the direct result of toxin action
Both organisms are gram-positive spore formers

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP