Microorganisms and Disease
Both Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Streptococcus pneumoniae

are acquired by inhalation
have cell walls that contain a high content of mycolic acids
stay in the lung and rarely, if ever, enter the bloodstream
have polysaccharide capsules

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Microorganisms and Disease
A major difference between EHEC and EPEC is

EPEC rearranges host cell actin and EHEC does not
EHEC possesses a type III secretion system and EPEC does not
EHEC secretes a Shiga-like toxin and EPEC does not
EPEC passes through the placenta to infect the fetus and EHEC does not

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Microorganisms and Disease
The "A" subunit of diphtheria toxin

forms cAMP that leads to fluid accumulation
cause ADP ribosylation of a factor involved in protein synthesis
binds host cell receptors found on heart cells
lysis macrophages with the release of cytokines

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Microorganisms and Disease
Plastic implants can pose a serious nosocomial infection problem because

All of these
infected implants usually have to be surgically removed
phagocytes have trouble moving on the plastic surface
phagocytes have trouble engulfing bacteria embedded in a biofilm

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