Theory of Machine
Two heavy rotating masses are connected by shafts of lengths l₁, l₂ and l₃ and the corresponding diameters are d₁, d₂ and d₃. This system is reduced to a torsionally equivalent system having uniform diameter d = d₁ of the shaft. The equivalent length of the shaft is

l = l₁ + l₂.(d₁/d₂)⁴ + l₃.(d₁/d₃)⁴
(l₁ + l₂ + l₃)/3
l₁ + l₂ + l₃
l = l₁ + l₂.(d₁/d₂)³ + l₂.(d₁/d₃)³

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Theory of Machine
Angle of descent of cam is defined as the angle

Of rotation of the cam for a definite displacement of the follower
Moved by the cam from the instant the follower begins to rise, till it reaches its highest position
Through which the cam rotates during the period in which the follower remains in the highest position
During which the follower returns to its initial position

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