Machine Design
When the bolt is very yielding as compared to the connected members, then the resultant load on the bolt will be equal to the

Initial tension
External load applied
Sum of the initial tension and external load applied
Initial tension or external load, whichever is greater

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Machine Design
Slenderness ratio is the ratio of

Maximum size of column to minimum size of column
Effective length of column to width of column
Width of column to depth of column
Effective length of column to least radius of gyration of the column

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