Electrical Machines
When an electric train is moving down a hill, the DC motor will operate as

 DC shunt generator.
  DC series generator.
  DC series motor.
 DC shunt motor.

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Electrical Machines
The synchronous motor can be started by

  coupling it with a DC compound motor.
  coupling it with a small AC induction motor called the pony motor.
  any of the above methods.
  providing damper winding in its rotor circuit.

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