Mass Transfer
When adsorption hysteresis is observed, the desorption equilibrium pressure is __________ that obtained by adsorption.

Dependent on the system; can be either lower or higher than
Same as
Always lower than
Always higher than

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Mass Transfer
A distillation column with N plates is being operated under normal conditions. At some point of time, the operation is shifted to total reflux condition (i.e., no product and residue are being withdrawn and feed to the column is stopped). At the new steady state,

The top and bottom compositions correspond to the maximum enrichment available
Composition of vapors and that of liquid do not vary throughout the column
The top and bottom compositions are unchanged with and without total reflux
Reboiler load and condenser load are minimum

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Mass Transfer
Blowdown in a cooling tower

Increases the scale forming tendencies of water
Is undesirable
All of these
Means discarding a small fraction of circulating water to prevent and limit the concentration of salt and impurities

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