Electrical Machines
What is the necessity of copper brushes in a dc motors?

  None of these.
  To convert alternating supply current to direct current.
  To absorb the mechanical shocks produced during running condition.
  To increase the flux cutting by the rotor.

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Electrical Machines
Two 3-phase AC generators are such that one has twice the linear dimensions of the other. The field windings of each are excited to give identical sinusoidal air-gap flux density waveform. Both have the same number of stator slots and identical winding patterns. The conductor/slot in a big generator is K times that of the smaller one. The value of K to get equal no load voltage at same frequency is

  1/2.
 4.
 1/4.
 8.

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