Electrical Machines
In dc machines, the field system has to be provided on stator unlike synchronous machines Where in it could be on any member, because

 it reduces field structure iron losses
 it gives more uniform air-gap flux distribution
 dc machines are comparatively low rating machines.
 commutator action is not possible otherwise

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Electrical Machines
A 10 kW, 230 V, dc shunt machine has four terminals brought out through four leads. For this machine

 both the windings have thick leads
 armature winding has thin leads whereas field winding has thick leads
 armature winding has thick leads whereas field winding has thin leads
 both the windings have thin leads

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