Cell Signalling and Transduction
What is the name of the protein signaling molecule that alters glucose uptake, and where would its receptors be located?

NGF; the nerves involved in simple reflexes
Insulin; many different cell types that use glucose for fuel
PDGF; the blood
Insulin; beta cells of the pancreas

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Which of the following is true about a hydrophilic signaling molecule?

Since it can enter the cell, it directly affects some specific cell process
It might trigger a signal cascade that causes some effect in a cell
It is a steroid
Its receptor is located in the cytosol of the target cell

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Why is it that inhaling nitric oxide reduces blood pressure only in the lung tissue and not elsewhere in the body*?

Because other body tissues use a different signaling molecule
None of these
Because nitric oxide breaks down quickly and thus cannot travel far
Because nitric oxide cannot cross cell membranes and enter the blood

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
Self-phosphorylation is an excellent mechanism for triggering specific catalytic function of the proteins involved in signal cascades because it

None of these
changes the shape and thus the enzymatic activity of the proteins involved
makes the receptor more likely to capture the signaling, molecule
allows hydrophilic signaling molecules to cross the plasma membrane

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