Theory of Machine
The two elements of a pair are said to form a higher pair, when they

Are kept in contact by the action of external forces, when in motion
Have a line or point contact when in motion
Permit relative motion
Have a surface contact when in motion

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Theory of Machine
In a four bar chain or quadric cycle chain

Each of the four pairs is a turning pair
Three are turning pairs and one is a sliding pair
Two are turning pairs and two are sliding pairs
One is a turning pair and three are sliding pairs

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Theory of Machine
Hammer blow

Is the maximum horizontal unbalanced force caused by the mass provided to balance the reciprocating masses.
Varies inversely with the square of the speed
Varies as the square root of the speed
Is the maximum vertical unbalanced force caused by the mass added to balance the reciprocating masses

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