Theory of Machine
The ratio of the maximum displacement of the forced vibration to the deflection due to the static force, is known as

Damping factor
Magnification factor
Logarithmic decrement
Damping coefficient

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Theory of Machine
In a steam engine, one method of obtaining the earlier cut-off with a simple slide valve is by increasing the angle of advance of the eccentric while the throw of the eccentric, steam lap and exhaust lap are kept constant. This method will

Reduce maximum opening of port to steam
Reduce length of effective stroke of piston
All of these
Cause withdrawing or throttling of steam

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