Theory of Machine
The tractive force is maximum or minimum when the angle of inclination of crank with the line of stroke (θ) is equal to

0° and 90°
90° and 180°
270° and 360°
135° and 315°

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Theory of Machine
In a four bar chain or quadric cycle chain

Two are turning pairs and two are sliding pairs
Three are turning pairs and one is a sliding pair
One is a turning pair and three are sliding pairs
Each of the four pairs is a turning pair

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