Estimating and Costing
The cross-sections for a highway is taken at

30 meters apart
Right angle to the centre line
Intermediate points having abrupt change in gradient
All of these

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Estimating and Costing
While estimating a reinforced cement structure, the omitted cover of concrete is assumed

At the end of reinforcing bar, not less than 25 mm or twice the diameter of the bar
In thin slabs, 12 mm minimum or diameter of the bar whichever is more
For reinforcing longitudinal bar in a beam 25 mm minimum or diameter of the largest bar which is more
All of these

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