Surveying
The altitudes of a circumpolar star at culminations are 70° and 10°, both culminations being north of zenith. The latitude of the place, is

70°
80°
60°
40°

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Surveying
Which of the following errors can be eliminated by taking mean of bot face observations ?

error due to imperfect graduations
error due to imperfect adjustment of plate levels
error due to line of collimation not being perpendicular to horizontal axis
error due to eccentricity of verniers

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