Building Construction
Raft foundations are used for:

Providing increased area of foundation over poor bearing capacity of soil
Counter acting the hydrostatic effect
Spanning over small soft or loose pockets
All listed here

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Building Construction
In the method of tube boring of soil investigation, the following is essential:

All listed here
A flap valve at the bottom of tube is provided to extract the soil sample
The tube is raised and lowered by 4 thick rope moving over a pulley suspended on a tripod stand
A tube of about 2 meters length and 20 cm diameter with a cutting edge

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Building Construction
During percussion drilling

Caving or mixing of strata are caused in soft soils or cohesion-less soils
All listed here
Ground water observations are hindered due to entry of the slurry in the soil below the bottom of the hole
The soil to a considerable depth below the bottom of the hole gets disturbed

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