Microorganisms and Disease
Type III secretion systems are used to inject "effector" proteins directly into a host cell. Salmonella uses a type III secretion system to help the pathogen to

activate T cells to proliferate and secrete cytokines
survive the acid pH of the stomach
survive within macrophages
secrete LT (heat labile toxin) and ST (heat stable toxin) into the lumen of the intestine

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Microorganisms and Disease
The "A" subunit of diphtheria toxin

cause ADP ribosylation of a factor involved in protein synthesis
forms cAMP that leads to fluid accumulation
lysis macrophages with the release of cytokines
binds host cell receptors found on heart cells

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