Process Equipment and Plant Design
Seamless pipe is made

From rolled strips formed into cylinders and seam-welded
By extrusion & casting into static and centrifugal molds
Both B and C
By forging a solid round, piercing it by simultaneously rotating & forcing it over a piercer point and further reducing it by rolling gas drawing

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In the design of a shell and tube heat exchanger, the corrosion allowance

Need not be provided for non-pressure parts like tie rods, spacers, baffles, supports etc
All of these
For carbon steel and cast iron pressure parts is 1.5 mm (except for tubes) and for severe conditions it is 3 mm
For internal cover and tube sheet is provided on both the sides

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