Surveying
Local attraction in compass surveying may exist due to

incorrect levelling of the magnetic needle
presence of magnetic substances near the instrument
friction of the needle at the pivot
loss of magnetism of the needle

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Surveying
Sidereal day

Is slightly shorter than an ordinary solar day
Is divided into the conventional hours, minutes and seconds
Is the period of time taken by the earth in making a complete rotation with reference to stars
All listed here

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Surveying
Which of the following errors can be eliminated by taking mean of bot face observations ?

error due to imperfect graduations
error due to imperfect adjustment of plate levels
error due to eccentricity of verniers
error due to line of collimation not being perpendicular to horizontal axis

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