Power Systems
In a biased differential relay the bias is defined as the ratio of

  fault current and restraining coil current.
  operating coil current and restraining coil current.
  fault current and operating coil current.
  number of turns of restraining and operating coil.

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Power Systems
Which of the following is/are the advantages of synchronous phase modifier over the shunt compensation?

 both 1 and 2
 initial cost is low
 single unit can be used as both capacitance and inductor by adjusting the excitation
 smooth voltage regulation is possible by controlling excitation

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