Surveying
If θ and δ be the latitude of an observer and declination of a heavenly body respectively, the upper culmination of the body will be south of zenith if its zenith distance, is

½ (θ - δ)
θ + δ
δ - θ
θ - δ

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Surveying
Pick up the correct statement from the following. The difference between the longitudes of the places is obtained.

By adding their longitudes if places are in the different hemispheres
All of these
By subtracting the sum of their longitudes exceeding 180° from 360° if places are in different hemispheres
By subtracting their longitudes if places are in the same hemisphere

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