Internal Combustion Engines
Flash point of fuel oil is

Minimum temperature to which oil is heated in order to give off inflammable vapours in sufficient quantity to ignite momentarily when brought in contact with a flame
Indicated by 90% distillation temperature, i.e. when 90% of sample oil has distilled off
Temperature at which it catches fire without external aid
Temperature at which it solidifies or congeals

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Internal Combustion Engines
The fuel valve in a four stroke cycle diesel engine

Opens at 15° before top dead center and closes at 20° after top dead center
Opens at 15° after top dead center and closes at 20° before bottom dead center
Opens at top dead center and closes at bottom dead center
May open and close anywhere

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Internal Combustion Engines
The compensating jet in a carburettor supplies almost constant amount of petrol at all speeds because the

The flow from the main jet is diverted to the compensating jet with increase in speed
Flow is produced due to the static head in the float chamber
Jet area is automatically varied depending on the suction
The diameter of the jet is constant and the discharge coefficient is invariant

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