Process Equipment and Plant Design
An adequate clearance between the tray and the shell wall of a distillation column is provided to

None of these
Allow for thermal expansion and facilitate installation
Drain the liquid from the tray when the unit is not in operation
Avoid back-trapping

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
High pressure fluid in a shell and tube heat exchanger should preferably be routed through the

Shell side for large overall heat transfer co-efficient
Shell side for smaller total pressure drop
Tubes to avoid the expansion of high pressure shell construction
Shell side, if the flow is counter-current and tube side if the flow is co-current

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Seamless pipe is made

Both B and C
By extrusion & casting into static and centrifugal molds
By forging a solid round, piercing it by simultaneously rotating & forcing it over a piercer point and further reducing it by rolling gas drawing
From rolled strips formed into cylinders and seam-welded

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In case of design of a shell and tube heat exchanger,

All of these
Minimum cleaning lane of 6.5 mm is provided, when tubes are on a square pitch
O.D. of the tube is 6 to 40 mm while the tube lengths used are 0.5, 2.5, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6 metres
Minimum tube sheet thickness (in which tubes are fixed) is equal to the O.D. of the tube upto 15 mm tube diameter; and for > 15 mm tube diameter, tube sheet thickness is smaller than tube diameter

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