Electrical Machines
A large series motor is never started without some mechanical load on it because otherwise it will

 open fuse or circuit breaker.
 draw too much current.
 produce sparking at brushes.
 develop excessive speed and damage itself.

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Electrical Machines
In large sized DC machines the compensating windings are provided to

None of these
 reduce eddy current losses by providing local short circuits.
  neutralize voltage induced in coil due to fluctuation of l
 compensate for the decrease in speed due to increase of load.

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