System Analysis and Design
Top-down programming is

a group of related fields
a series or group of components that perform one or more operations of a more complex system
a map of the programmer's view of the data
an approach in which the top module is first tested then program modules are added from the highest level to the lowest level

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System Analysis and Design
The black-box concept:

assumes that inputs and outputs will remain stable
None of these
is invoked by describing a system in terms of inputs and outputs, leaving the transformation process a black box.
All of these
assumes that the black box is independent

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