Surveying
Which of the following errors cannot be eliminated by taking both face observations ?

index error i.e. error due to imperfect adjustment of the vertical circle vernier
None of these
error due to horizontal axis not being perpendicular to the vertical axis
error due to non-parallelism of the axis of telescope level and line of collimation

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Surveying
Refraction correction

partially eliminates curvature correction
has no effect on curvature correction
completely eliminates curvature correction
adds to the curvature correction

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Surveying
The necessary geometrical condition for triangulation adjustment is:

The sum of the three angles of a plane triangle should be 180°
The sum of the eight angles of a braced quadrilateral should be 360°
The sum of the angles around a station should be 360°
All listed here

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