Theory of Machine
When the addenda on pinion and wheel is such that the path of approach and path of recess are half of their maximum possible values, then the length of the path of contact is given by (where r = Pitch circle radius of pinion, R = Pitch circle radius of wheel, and φ = Pressure angle)

[(r² + R²) cosφ]/2
[(r + R) sinφ]/2
[(r² + R²) sinφ]/2
[(r + R) cosφ]/2

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Theory of Machine
Angle of action of cam is defined as the angle

Moved by the cam from the instant the follower begins to rise, till it reaches its highest position
Of rotation of the cam for a definite displacement of the follower
Moved by the cam from beginning of ascent to the termination of descent
Through which the cam rotates during the period in which the follower remains in the highest position

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Theory of Machine
Which of the following statement is correct as regard to the difference between a machine and a structure?

The parts of a machine move relative to one another, whereas the members of a structure do not move relative to one another
All of these
A machine transforms the available energy into some useful work, whereas in a structure no energy is transformed into useful work
The links of a machine may transmit both power and motion, whereas the members of a structure transmit forces only

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