Microorganisms and Disease
What is common in catheters and ventilators?

They bypass important defenses of the body
They predispose patients to viral rather than bacterial infections
Bacteria responsible for associated infections are usually susceptible to antibiotics
They are used primarily in neonatal intensive care units

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Microorganisms and Disease
Prontosil is

an effective antibacterial both in animals as well as in in-vitro cultures
an effective antibacterial when used in animals
an effective antibacterial when used in in-vitro cultures
not used as an antibacterial agent

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Microorganisms and Disease
The "A" subunit of diphtheria toxin

forms cAMP that leads to fluid accumulation
cause ADP ribosylation of a factor involved in protein synthesis
binds host cell receptors found on heart cells
lysis macrophages with the release of cytokines

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