Process Equipment and Plant Design
Generally, elliptical dished heads

Are manufactured on 2:1 ratio of major to minor axis and is recommended to be used for pressure vessels operating above a pressure of 1.5 MN/m²
Are approximately as strong as seamless cylindrical shell having the corresponding I.D and O.D
All of these
Resist half the pressure rating compared to hemi spherical head provided on the cylindrical shell of the same thickness and diameter

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
High pressure fluid in a shell and tube heat exchanger should preferably be routed through the

Tubes to avoid the expansion of high pressure shell construction
Shell side for smaller total pressure drop
Shell side, if the flow is counter-current and tube side if the flow is co-current
Shell side for large overall heat transfer co-efficient

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the design of a horizontal tube evaporator.

Liquor flows inside the tube, while the steam is outside submerging the tube
It is suitable for process, in which the final product is a liquor instead of solid
Its usual dimensions are: tube dia = 2-3 cms; evaporator body dia = 1-4 metres and evaporator height = 2.5-4 metres
It is unsuitable for concentrating those liquids, which form a scale or deposit salt

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