Automobile Engineering in ME
The main function of the tread pattern on tyre is that

In wet conditions, the tread grooves expel water that is drawn between the tyre and road surface
The crests between the tread grooves absorb road noise
The tread pattern protects the tyre's inner carcass from small stones and pieces of glass
The tread grooves pass air between the tyre and road surface, thereby preventing tyre from overheating

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The function of positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) system is that it

Mixes fuel with air
Returns blow by gases from the crankcase to the intake system
Promotes combustion by creating a swirling movement in the air-fuel mixture
Feeds blow by gases to the exhaust manifold

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The condition that causes vapour locking in a brake system is

Overheating of the fluid due to frequent brake application
An excessively high engine speed on a downhill road
Overcooling of the brakes during high speed driving
Keeping the vehicle without use for an extended period

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