Internal Combustion Engines
In a four stroke cycle petrol engine, the expansion

May start and end anywhere
Starts at 30° after top dead center and ends at 50° after bottom dead center
Starts at top dead center and ends at bottom dead center
Starts at 30° before top dead center and ends at 50° before bottom dead center

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Internal Combustion Engines
Which one of the following event would reduce volumetric efficiency of a vertical compression ignition engine?

Inlet valve opening before top dead center
Inlet valve closing before bottom dead center
Inlet valve closing after bottom dead center
Exhaust valve closing after top dead center

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Internal Combustion Engines
The injector nozzle of a compression ignition engine is required to inject fuel at a sufficiently high pressure in order to

Inject fuel at a high velocity to facilitate atomization
Ensure that penetration is not high
Inject fuel in a chamber of high pressure at the end of compression stroke
All of these

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