DC Generators
The rapid wear of brushes takes place due to

Abrasion from dust
All of these
Rough commutator bars
Excessive spring pressure

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DC Generators
When two D.C. series generators are running in parallel, an equalizer bar is used

To increase the series flux
To increase the speed and hence generated e.m.f.
So that two similar machines will pass approximately equal currents to the load
To reduce the combined effect of armature reaction of both machines

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