Internal Combustion Engines
The purpose of testing an internal combustion engine is

To satisfy the customer regarding the performance of the engine
To conform the data used in design, the validity of which may be doubtful
To determine the information, which cannot be obtained by calculations
All of these

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Internal Combustion Engines
Flash point of fuel oil is

Minimum temperature to which oil is heated in order to give off inflammable vapours in sufficient quantity to ignite momentarily when brought in contact with a flame
Indicated by 90% distillation temperature, i.e. when 90% of sample oil has distilled off
Temperature at which it catches fire without external aid
Temperature at which it solidifies or congeals

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Internal Combustion Engines
Detonation is harmful due to

None of these
Excessive turbulence which removes most of the insulating gas boundary layer from the cylinder walls
High intensity of knock causes crankshaft vibration and the engine runs rough
Increase in the rate of heat transfer, there is a reduction in the power output and efficiency of the engine

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