Electrical Machines
The principal of starting of 3 - Φ IM is similar to

  transformer with short-circuited secondary.
  synchronous motor.
  capacitor run IM.
  repulsion motor type starting.

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Electrical Machines
Compensating windings are used in DC generators

None of these
  mainly to reduce the eddy currents by providing local short circuit.
  to provide path for the circulation of cooling air.
  to neutralize the cross magnetizing effect of the armature reaction.

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