Surveying
The point where vertical line passing through the perspective centre intersects the plane of the photograph, is known as

Photo plumb point
Isocenter
Nadir point
Plumb point

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Surveying
The difference between a level line and a horizontal line is that

horizontal line is normal to plumb line while level line may not be normal to the plumb line
both are same
level line is a curved line while hori-zontal line is a straight line
level line is normal to plumb line while horizontal line may not be normal to plumb line at the tangent point to level line

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Surveying
If the lower clamp screw is tightened and upper clamp screw is loosened, the theodolite may be rotated

on its inner spindle without a relative motion between the vernier and the graduated scale of lower plate
on its inner spindle with a relative motion between the vernier and the graduated scale of lower plate
on its outer spindle with a relative motion between the vernier and graduated scale of lower plate
on its outer spindle without a relative motion between the vernier and gra-duated scale of lower plate

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