Microbiology of Soils
The phenomenon of commensalism refers to a relationship between organisms in which

one species of a pair benefits
one species of a pair is more benefited
both the species of a pair benefit
None of these

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Microbiology of Soils
Denitrification is

changing of atmospheric nitrogen (N2) to nitrogen compounds
reduction of nitrate to organic nitrogen compounds
both (a) and (b)
reduction of nitrate (NO3-) to nitrogen gas

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Microbiology of Soils
A heterocyst is

a type of spore
a terminally differentiated cell that fixes nitrogen
the progenitor of cyanobacterial vegetative cells
a cell that carries out oxygenic photosynthesis

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