Water, pH and Macromolecules
The pH of a solution is determined by

concentration of salt
dielectric constant of the medium
environmental effect
relative concentration of acids and bases

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Water, pH and Macromolecules
The main difference between an acid and a base is that

bases donate hydrogen ions in water while acids accept hydrogen ions
acids donate hydrogen ions in water while bases accept hydrogen ions
acids are polar molecules and bases are not
bases are polar molecules and acids are not

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Water, pH and Macromolecules
Which of the following statements about water is correct?

It is critical for many of the chemical processes found in living systems
Polar substances that can form hydrogen bonds will dissolve in it
Nonpolar substances like oils are not soluble in it
All of these

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Water, pH and Macromolecules
Buffer solutions

tend to maintain a relatively constant pH.
are rarely found in living systems
will always have a pH of 7
cause a decrease in pH when acids are added to them.

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