Electrical Machines
The introduction of interpoles in between the main poles improves the performance of a dc machine, because

 the inequality of air-gap flux on the top and bottom halves of the armature is removed
 the interpoles produce additional flux to augment the developed torque
 a counter-emf is induced in the coil undergoing commutation
 the flux waveform is improved with reduction in harmonics

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Electrical Machines
In large sized DC machines the compensating windings are provided to

  neutralize voltage induced in coil due to fluctuation of l
 reduce eddy current losses by providing local short circuits.
None of these
 compensate for the decrease in speed due to increase of load.

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