Machine Design
Castle nut is a locking device in which

A slot is cut partly is middle of nut and then slot reduced by tightening a screw
Through slots are made at top and a cotter pin is passed through these and a hole in the bolt, and cotter pin spitted and bent in reverse direction at other end
A hard fibre or nylon cotter is recessed in the nut and becomes threaded as the nut is screwed on the bolt causing a tight grip
One smaller nut is tightened over main nut and main nut tightened against smaller one by loosening, creating friction jamming

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Machine Design
In cross or regular lay ropes

Wires in two adjacent strands are twisted in opposite direction
Wires are not twisted
Direction of twist of wires in strands is opposite to the direction of twist of strands
Direction of twist of wires and strands are same

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Machine Design
Pitch point of a cam is

A point on the pitch curve having minimum pressure angle
Any point on the pitch curve
Any point on the pitch circle
A point on the pitch curve having maximum pressure angle

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