Theory of Machine
The fundamental equation for correct steering is (where φ and α = Angle through which the axis of the outer wheel and inner wheel turns respectively, c = Distance between the pivots of the front axles, and d = Wheel base)

tanφ + cotα = b/c
cotφ - cotα = c/b
sinφ + sinα = b/c
cosφ - sinα = c/b

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Theory of Machine
Angle of action of cam is defined as the angle

Of rotation of the cam for a definite displacement of the follower
Moved by the cam from the instant the follower begins to rise, till it reaches its highest position
Moved by the cam from beginning of ascent to the termination of descent
Through which the cam rotates during the period in which the follower remains in the highest position

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Theory of Machine
The displacement of the reciprocating roller follower, when it has contact with the straight flanks of the tangent cam, is given by (where r₁ = Minimum radius of the cam, r₂ = Radius of the roller follower, and θ = Angle turned by the cam from the beginning of the follower displacement)

(r₁ + r₂) (1 + cosθ)
(r₁ - r₂) [(1 - cosθ)/cosθ]
(r₁ + r₂) [(1 - cosθ)/cosθ]
(r₁ - r₂) (1 - cosθ)

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Theory of Machine
The frictional torque transmitted in a flat collar bearing, considering uniform wear, is (where r₁ and r₂ = External and internal radii of collar respectively)

(1/2) μ W (r₁ + r₂)
(1/2) μ W [(r₁³ - r₂³)/(r₁² - r₂²)]
(2/3) μ W [(r₁³ - r₂³)/(r₁² - r₂²)]
(2/3) μ W (r₁ + r₂)

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