Environmental Engineering
Scour valves are provided

At every depression and dead ends to drain out the waste water that may collect there
At the foot of rising main along the slope to prevent back running of water
At street corners to control the flow of water
At every summit of rising mains

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Environmental Engineering
In lime-soda process

Lime reduces the carbonate hardness and soda-ash removes the non-carbonate hardness
Lime reduces the non-carbonate hardness and soda-ash removes the carbonate hardness
Only carbonate hardness is removed
Only noncarbonated hardness is removed

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