Theory of Machine
Lower pairs are those which have

Point or line contact between the two elements when in motion
Two elements that permit relative motion
Surface contact between the two elements when in motion
Elements of pairs not held together mechanically

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Theory of Machine
The frictional torque transmitted in a truncated conical pivot bearing, considering uniform wear, is

(2/3).μ W cosec α (r₁ + r₂)
(1/2). μ W cosec α (r₁ + r₂)
(1/2). μ W cosec α [(r₁³ - r₂³)/(r₁² - r₂²)]
(2/3). μ W cosec α [(r₁³ - r₂³)/(r₁² - r₂²)]

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