Theory of Machine
In a steam engine, the earlier cut-off with a simple slide valve may be obtained by increasing the steam lap and the angle of advance of the eccentric but keeping constant the travel and lead of the valve, this method will

All of the listed here
Reduce length of effective stroke of piston
Cause withdrawing or throttling of steam
Reduce maximum opening of port to steam

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Theory of Machine
When the belt is stationary, it is subjected to some tension known as initial tension. The value of this tension is equal to the

Sum of the tensions on the tight side and slack side of the belt
Average tension of the tight side and slack side of the belt
Tension in the slack side of the belt
Tension in the tight side of the belt

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