DC Generators
In a D.C. machine stray loss is the sum of

Shunt field copper loss and mechanical loss
Armature copper loss and iron loss
Total copper loss and mechanical loss
Iron loss and mechanical loss

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DC Generators
When two D.C. generators are running in parallel an equalizer bar is used

To increase the series flux
To reduce the combined effect of armature reaction of both the machines
To increase the generated e.m.f.
So that the two identical machines will pass approximately equal currents to the load

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