Surveying
If ‘f’ is the focal length of the camera lens and ‘θ’ is the angle of tilt, the distance of the plumb point from the principal point will be

f tan θ
f cos θ
f sin θ
f sec θ

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Surveying
Refraction correction

has no effect on curvature correction
adds to the curvature correction
completely eliminates curvature correction
partially eliminates curvature correction

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