Surveying
If ‘δ’ is the declination of the star and ‘φ’ is the latitude of the observer then the hour angle of the star at elongation is given by

tan H = tan φ . cot δ
cos H = tan φ . cot δ
sin H = tan φ . cot δ
None of these

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Surveying
Dumpy level is most suitable when

many readings are to be taken from a single setting of the instrument
fly levelling is being done over long distance
All of these
the instrument is to be shifted frequently

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