RCC Structures Design
If C is creep coefficient, f is original pre-stress in concrete, m is modular ratio, E is Young's modulus of steel and e is shrinkage strain, the combined effect of creep and shrinkage is:

(C - 1) mf + eE
(1 - C) mf + eE
(C - 1) mf - eE
(1 - C) mf - eE

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RCC Structures Design
A pre-stressed concrete member is preferred because

Removal of cracks in the members due to shrinkage
Its dimensions are not decided from the diagonal tensile stress
All listed here
Large size of long beams carrying large shear force need not be adopted

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RCC Structures Design
According to load factor method, the permissible load ‘W’ on a short column reinforced with longitudinal bars and lateral stirrups, is

Stress in steel × area of steel
Stress in concrete × area of concrete
Stress in concrete × area of concrete + Stress in steel × area of steel
None of these

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