RCC Structures Design
If C is creep coefficient, f is original pre-stress in concrete, m is modular ratio, E is Young's modulus of steel and e is shrinkage strain, the combined effect of creep and shrinkage is:

(1 - C) mf - eE
(C - 1) mf + eE
(C - 1) mf - eE
(1 - C) mf + eE

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RCC Structures Design
The spacing of transverse reinforcement of column is decided by the following consideration.

Sixteen times the diameter of the smallest longitudinal reinforcing rods in the column
The least lateral dimension of the column
Forty-eight times the diameter of transverse reinforcement
All listed here

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RCC Structures Design
An R.C.C. lintel is spanning an opening of 2 m span in a brick wall. The height of the roof is 2.9 m above the floor level and that of the opening is 2.1 m above the floor level. The lintel is to be designed for self weight plus

UDL of wall + load from the roof
Triangular load of the wall
UDL of wall
Triangular load + load from the roof

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