Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Francis turbine is best suited for

High head installation above 180 m
All types of heads
Low head installation up to 30 m
Medium head application from 24 to 180 m

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
A compound pipe is required to be replaced by a new pipe. The two pipes are said to be equivalent, if

Loss of head and discharge of both the pipes is same
Length of both the pipes is same
Diameter of both the pipes is same
Loss of head and velocity of flow in both the pipes is same

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The flow in a pipe or channel is said to be uniform when

The quantity of liquid flowing per second is constant
The liquid particles at different sections have different velocities
The liquid particles at all sections have the same velocities
Each liquid particle has a definite path

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