Process Equipment and Plant Design
For annular flow of a fluid, the ratio of the equivalent diameter for pressure drop calculation to the equivalent diameter for heat transfer calculation is

(d1 + d2)/d1
(d1 + d2)/d2
D2/(d1 + d2)
D1/(d1 + d2)

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
A forced circulation long tube vertical evaporator as compared to the natural circulation evaporator

Both B & C
Employs high velocity, high heat transfer rate and less heating surface requirement
Employs a centrifugal pump placed between external downtake from vapor drum and inlet to tube bundle
Is economical in operation

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