Process Equipment and Plant Design
For a cylinderical internally pressurised vessel, which of the following closure types would withstand highest pressure, if each closure is of the same material and thickness?

Flat plate
Ellipsoidal (2 : 1)
Conical
Hemispherical

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
For a cylindrical shell, (subject to the thickness of uppermost course being more than the minimum for diaofthe tank in question), the thickness of the courses of shell

Increases upwards
May decrease or increase upwards depending upon whether vacuum or positive pressure would be maintained inside the shell
Decreases upwards
Remains same throughout

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to shell and tube heat exchanger.

Tie rods are fixed at one end in the tube sheet by making blind holes and the minimum number of tie rods is 4 with at least 10 mm diameter
Baffles are supported independently of the tubes by tie rods and positioned by spacers
Clearance between shell & baffles and between tube & baffles should be minimum to avoid by-passing of the fluid, but it should be enough to permit the removal of tube bundle
Bracket supports are used for horizontal shell, while saddle support is used for vertical shell

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